The Stereotactic Systems are medical instruments based on ring design, which provides the highest level of stability. Their physical properties include strength and tolerance, which reduces the chances of errors. The stereotactic system guides biopsy forceps, radiofrequency lesioning electrodes, deep brain recording electrodes, hematoma evacuators, and endoscopes.
The stereotactic system is attached to the Skull Anchor Key. Using this system, the neurosurgeon can position an electrode or cannula inside the brain. There are several manufacturers of the system, which can be used in human and animal experiments. The device is designed to provide accurate and reproducible results and is a safe option for spine and brain surgery. Its use has helped scientists and researchers develop a new technology for improving the precision of surgery.
Traditional stereotactic systems were designed for the purpose of detecting a point in an image and making physical adjustments to the external mechanism. The N-localizer was invented by Russ Brown in 1978, and it changed the field of neurosurgery. It was developed with the support of physician scientist and radiologist Jim Nelson, who was instrumental in laying the foundation for the Utah Center for Advanced Imaging Research.
A stereotactic system is the most common type of image matching system, and is a powerful planning tool for imaging procedures. An atlas, a coordinate’s calculator, and multimodality image matching tools are included in a typical stereotactic planning system. Despite being widely used, the system has a long history of innovation. For instance, in February 2022, ZAP Surgical Systems, a gyroscopic radiosurgery provider in the U.S., installed its first ZAP-X® Gyroscopic Radiosurgery® set-up in Japan at the Utsunomiya bullet train station.
The stereotactic systems are attached to a polar coordinate holder and use x-rays to guide the neurosurgeon's probe inside the brain. The electrode is then placed inside the skull using the standard procedure. The C-arm is used to obtain a lateral view radiograph, which confirms that the electrode is in the correct position and has reached the target area. A second DBS electrode is inserted using the same procedure.
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